In a sweeping move to address the growing threats posed by the Islamic Republic of Iran, President Donald J. Trump has issued National Security Presidential Memorandum/NSPM-2, directing a comprehensive strategy to counter Iran’s nuclear ambitions, regional aggression, and support for terrorism.
The memorandum, addressed to key Cabinet members and senior officials, outlines a robust policy of “maximum pressure” aimed at neutralizing Iran’s destabilizing activities and ensuring the safety and security of the United States and its allies.
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The memorandum underscores Iran’s role as the world’s leading state sponsor of terrorism, highlighting its support for groups such as Hezbollah, Hamas, the Houthis, and al-Qa’ida. It also accuses Iran of embedding sleeper cells in the United States and other countries, targeting U.S. nationals for attacks, including assault, kidnapping, and murder.
The document further holds Iran responsible for the October 7, 2023, Hamas massacres and recent Houthi attacks on U.S. and allied naval forces in the Red Sea.
President Trump emphasized Iran’s nuclear program as an “existential danger” to the United States and the civilized world. The memorandum cites Iran’s breaches of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) and its obstruction of International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) inspections, particularly at military sites tied to its nuclear weapons research.
Reports of Iran engaging in computer modeling related to nuclear weapons development have raised immediate alarm, prompting the administration to take decisive action.
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The memorandum establishes a clear policy framework to:
- Deny Iran a nuclear weapon and intercontinental ballistic missiles.
- Neutralize Iran’s network of regional aggression and disrupt the activities of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) and its proxies.
- Counter Iran’s development of missiles and other asymmetric and conventional weapons capabilities.
To achieve these objectives, the memorandum directs a multi-agency effort to impose unprecedented economic, diplomatic, and legal pressure on Iran:
- The Secretary of the Treasury is tasked with enforcing stringent sanctions, targeting Iran’s oil exports, and preventing sanctions evasion through financial systems. This includes issuing updated guidance to sectors such as shipping and insurance to curb illicit transactions.
- The Secretary of State is directed to lead a global diplomatic campaign to isolate Iran, including within international organizations, and ensure that Gulf countries are not used as transshipment points for sanctions evasion.
- The United States Permanent Representative to the United Nations is instructed to work with allies to reinstate international sanctions on Iran and hold the regime accountable for its NPT violations.
- The Attorney General is ordered to pursue legal actions against Iranian operatives and front groups within the United States, impound illicit oil cargoes, and prosecute leaders of Iranian-funded terrorist groups responsible for harming American citizens.
- The Secretary of Commerce will enforce export controls to restrict the flow of technology and components used by Iran for military purposes.
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The memorandum reflects a unified approach across the U.S. government to address the multifaceted threats posed by Iran. It builds on the Trump administration’s longstanding policy of maximum pressure, which has included withdrawing from the Iran nuclear deal (JCPOA) in 2018 and reimposing sanctions on Iran’s oil exports and financial sector.
In addition to security concerns, the memorandum condemns Iran’s human rights abuses, including the arbitrary detention of U.S. citizens and the regime’s oppression of women. It reaffirms the United States’ commitment to standing with the Iranian people in their struggle for freedom and dignity.
President Trump’s NSPM-2 represents a significant escalation in the U.S. campaign to counter Iran’s malign influence and prevent it from acquiring nuclear weapons. By mobilizing the full resources of the federal government, the administration aims to deny Iran the means to threaten global security and uphold the safety of the American people.
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