U.S. Senator Marco Rubio (R-FL) has released a new report titled “The World China Made: ‘Made in China 2025’ Nine Years Later,” which analyzes the advancements and setbacks of China’s ambitious industrial policy.
The report, a follow-up to Rubio’s 2019 analysis on the same topic, details how the Chinese Communist Party has succeeded in many areas of high-value technology sectors targeted by the “Made in China 2025” initiative.
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Rubio highlighted the growing dominance of China in critical industries, stating, “The Chinese Communist Party controls the largest industrial base in the world. Through theft, market-distorting subsidies, and strategic planning, Beijing now leads in many of the industries that will determine geopolitical supremacy in the 21st century. This report should serve as a wake-up call to lawmakers, CEOs, and investors.”
He stressed the need for a concerted effort across U.S. society to address the economic and strategic challenges posed by China.
According to the report, China has made substantial progress in four of the ten high-tech sectors targeted by its “Made in China 2025” plan:
- Electric Vehicles: China has become the world’s largest exporter of both electric and internal-combustion vehicles.
- Energy and Power Generation: China leads in nuclear reactor technology and controls over 80% of the global solar power supply chain.
- High-Speed Rail: With 28,000 miles of high-speed rail, China has built the world’s most extensive network.
- Shipbuilding: China’s shipbuilding capacity exceeds that of the U.S. by a factor of 200, surpassing other global shipbuilding leaders.
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China has made partial progress in five additional sectors:
- Aerospace and Aviation: While its commercial aviation lags, China’s space industry and dominance in drones are significant.
- Biotechnology: Although still reliant on Western expertise, China’s biotech industry is developing novel therapies.
- New Materials: China has invested heavily in research and development, though results remain mixed.
- Robotics and Machine Tools: Chinese robotics firms are gaining ground in global markets.
- Semiconductors: Despite U.S. export controls, China’s microchip industry is advancing, particularly in legacy chip production.
In only one sector—Agricultural Machinery—has China failed to meet its goals, but the report notes that China leads in 37 of 44 critical technologies and remains dominant in basic industrial inputs and revenue rankings of large companies globally.
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Rubio’s report calls on U.S. policymakers to take action against China’s predatory tactics and implement targeted industrial policies to rebuild the U.S. economy and safeguard national security.
The report underscores the urgency of protecting American industries and addressing the growing influence of China in key global sectors.
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